IMMUNE- PHARMACOLOGY-PART-VI-ANTICANCER DRUGS

ALKYLATING AGENTS -NITROSO-UREAS

1.Lomustine, Semustine, and Carmustine:-

These drugs also act by alkylating the DNA strands and damage them.

These drugs are highly lipophilic and can enter the blood-brain barrier to enter into CNS.

Clinical Uses a)Lomustine:-

1.Hodkin's Disease

2.Non-Hodkin's Lymphomas

3.Primary brain tumors

4.Small cell lung

5. Semustine is used in brain, stomach and colon tumors

b)Carmustine:-

1.Hodkin's Disease

2.Non-Hodkin's lymphomas

3.Primary brain tumors

4.Multiple Myeloma

5.Malignant Melanoma 

Side effects:-

1.Delayed bone marrow depression

2.G.I.Distress

3.Flushing of skin and conjunctiva

4.Lung Fibrosis

5.Kidney failure

2.Streptazocine:-

Acting similar to other alkylating agents

Uses

1.Pancreatic Insulinoma

2.Malignant carcinoid