Genetic modification in viruses - Features of the vaccines

Genetic Modification Without Change In Nature in Covid-19

(Disclaimer: - The information included on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical treatment.

Fig-1

This article contains many questions given to vaccine technology science. Before we go to those questions, let's take a brief look at the genetic mutations of viruses.

It is true that the above title is given unexplained in order to be concise. That is, to explain what nature is.

Normally any creature will either avoid any situation when the situation turns against it or face the situation by making a change in itself accordingly.

It's what happens in microbes and viruses and it is called genetic mutations (GENETIC MUTATIONS).

These changes become stronger when the situation is tough and easier when the situation is normal.

Fig-1

Among the viruses, the influenza virus (H1N1) is capable of rapidly changing its nature with genetic modifications. That is why it is not possible to make a single standard vaccine for it. The influenza vaccine needs to be updated every year to suit its periodical seasonal changes in nature.

Changes in the nature of the virus can be of two types.

1.Sliding through the antigen (ANTIGENIC DRIFT)

2. Change by antigen as a whole (ANTIGENIC SHIFT)

Either of these two changes in nature will make it more severe or weaker.

The 'drift' is very common. The change called 'shift' very rarely takes place. Even so, owning one is still beyond the reach in this novel coronavirus (Continue reading).

Drift also occurs in the Novel Corona. But the term occurs too late with a huge periodical gap. It has a special feature that no other virus has. That is, it copies its genetic molecules by simply stopping and proactively proofreading (Proof Reading) as it multiplies into human cells. So it takes time. This is a benefit to the vaccine industry. The reason is that the same vaccine can be used no matter how many waves (mutations) come repeatedly. 

(Description below).

1.ANTIGENIC DRIFT:-

Fig-2A

When a virus copies itself, its genes undergo random "copying errors" (i.e., genetic mutations). Over time, these gene transcription errors can lead to changes in the surface proteins or antigens of the virus, among other changes in the virus.

But our immune system (ANTIBODIES) uses these antigens to identify and fight the virus. So, what happens if a virus changes its antigens to defy and infect our immune system? (Figure-2A above & 2B below).

In influenza viruses, genetic mutations accumulate and make its antigens "slip" or drift - that is, the surface of the virus with the drifted antigen looks different from that of the original virus.

"Vaccines against the virus's old stages (STRAINS) and immunity do not work against the genetically modified influenza virus when the influenza virus moves in antigenic drift. Anyone who has already been vaccinated against old influenza will be infected by this new virus".

The influenza vaccine should therefore be reviewed and updated each year.

One of the main reasons for this is ANTIGENIC DRIFT.

Fig-2B

In fact, some mutations may make the virus less contagious, since these genetic mutations often weaken the virus.

Much of our knowledge of how viruses evolve to escape natural or immunized immunity comes from observing the influenza virus and constantly updating the influenza vaccine. 

A comparison of the similarities and differences between the coronaviruses and influenza (INFLUENZA) viruses will help to understand how the Covid-19 vaccine affects us.

Does this even happen with SARS-CoV-2?

Fig-3

Studies on the genetic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 so far have shown that this Covid-19 virus evolves relatively slow compared to other RNA viruses.

Scientists believe that this delayed mutation is due to the fact that the virus has the ability to proofread the copies generated during the mutation (Figure 3). They also acknowledge that no other RNA virus has such potential. So was this new virus artificially created in the lab? 

No doubt about it. That's why they trade the vaccine without hesitation, saying that it doesn't matter how many mutations it comes in, no matter how many waves it makes, the old vaccine that was made applies to all frequencies.

We hope that all SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, which are being tested and sold, will provide long-term protection. They say.

Because it is a virus that they have deliberately created, they have calculated exactly how and when it will evolve. It is imprinted in its genome at what speed it must evolve. Only then will they be able to relax and sell the vaccine they have prepared. That is why they seem to be slowing down the genetic makeup of the virus. 

In addition, look at their confession, "Although SARS-CoV-2 is a mutant, so far it does not appear to have an ANTIGENIC DRIFT. However, it should be noted that SARS-CoV-2 is a newly discovered virus in humans. Many more are unknown about this virus, and our understanding of the SARS CoV-2 virus continues to grow. "

Fig-4

The fact that the concept of "ANTIGENIC DRIFT is not fast" in the Covid-19 virus can also be a miscalculation. Transformation is not as slow as they say.

It is feared that some of the giants created by the scientists will get out of the control of the scientists and destroy everything, as is the case in some science fiction (SciFi) movies.

2. ANTIGENIC SHIFT - - (COVID-19 Virus vs Influenza Virus):-

Fig-5

influenza viruses undergo antigenic transformation (ANTIGENIC SHIFT), a sudden, large change in the virus's whole antigen that occurs less frequently than antigenic DRIFT. It occurs when two different, but related, influenza virus strains (STRAINS) infect a host cell simultaneously. Influenza virus genes are made up of 8 separate pieces of RNA (called "genetic divisions"), and sometimes these viruses can reproduce together as if they were mating. During this reconstruction, the genetic components of the two influenza viruses combine to form a new strain of the new influenza virus. The process is known as 'Reassortment' (Fig-5 above)

 Most pandemic viruses are the result of an antigenic shift (ANTIGENIC SHIFT) that causes most people to become less or no immune to the resulting new virus. In other words,

"Viruses that are the result of antigenic shift (ANTIGENIC SHIFT) are often the cause of PANDEMIC."

But coronaviruses do not have the same genes as the influenza virus. Therefore, it is not possible to REASSORTMENT.

 The coronavirus is made up of a very long single, RNA without genetic divisions. However, when two coronaviruses infect the same cell, they can coalesce, which is different than reassortment.

In reassortment, a new single RNA gene is linked together from fragments of two "parent" coronavirus genes. It's almost like a man and a woman giving birth to a new baby. But there is no such reassortment in Corona. But scientists believe coronaviruses coalesce in nature. (See Figure-5 above)

There is no mating here. No reassortment. No antigenic shift. There is only fusion. But how did the PANDEMIC POWER come about to the novel corona?

Incomprehensible puzzles about Covid-19

1. Slow antigenic drift.

2. No antigenic shift. But how is it transforming into a wave.?

3.You call it a new virus (Novel virus). So did it create itself? Or created?

4. Albeit the vaccinations the pandemic spread is not controlled but brings the third wave. Why?

5.This new coronavirus only has the ability to proofread RNA copies. If not any other RNA virus has this nature, where and when did this novel virus come from? How did it come about? Should scientists answer this?